1	Tribal Opportunities:
2	Economic Development Creation of an economic development plan Easy to do when times are good, and economies are healthy Have capital Have resources Difficult to do when times are bad, and you are trying to dig your way out
3	Times are good. Now is the time to develop an economic development plan.
4	Where Do We Stand? Recent successes Simple bingo parlors and casinos Full-fledged casinos Large scale casino resorts Issues Casino expansion on-reservations is finite Tribes are appreciating the need for alternative economic developments
5	Where Do We Stand? Native American tribes have the opportunity to reach beyond gaming for economic development Like corporate America Can leverage capital and expertise for investments Like governments But can go outside of jurisdiction for developments
6	What Opportunities Exist? Leveraging of gaming expertise Tribal Conventional Off-reservation development and commerce On-reservation development and commerce Commercial investments Institutional investments
7	1. Leveraging of Gaming Expertise Tribe-to-Tribe support Tunica-Biloxi Mohegan Cowlitz Kenosha
8	1. Leveraging of Gaming Expertise Investment in conventional gaming Tribes are currently Investigating a Las Vegas opportunity Looking at a Pennsylvania racetrack Exploring the acquisition of the President Casino on the Gulf Coast Competing as a finalist for a gaming license in Cardiff, Wales (Mohegan Sun) Exploring the acquisition of Wembley
9	Leveraging of Gaming Expertise Advantages Experience in gaming Financial and management resources already in place Opens up broader geography Good financial investment Tribe-to-Tribe Keeping funds within Native America Communities Empathy Disadvantages Licensing requirements for conventional gaming Long term investments Distance Issues Pitfalls Overstretching of resources
10	2. Off-reservation Development Investment in retail and non-gaming resort facilities Hotels Portland (Grand Rhonde) Connecticut (Mashantucket Pequots) Washington, D.C. (Four Feathers) Golf California Tribe looking into building golf community, not connected to casino Wineries, wine tasting rooms and outlets
11	2. Off-Reservation Development Advantages Opens up broader geography Leverages expertise Diversifies industry Disadvantages Long term investments Distance issues Profitability is lower than tribal gaming Pitfalls Overstretching of resources
12	3. On-Reservation Development Oil and Gas (Ute Mountain Tribe) Tree and plant nurseries LA, Clifton Choctaw NM, Santa Ana Pueblo Manufacturing and processing Water bottling plant (San Manuel) Plastics manufacturing in WA Fisheries and canneries Laundries
13	3. On-Reservation Development Advantages Diversification Direct benefits and job creation Disadvantages Profitability is lower than tribal gaming Long term development frames Lack of in-house expertise Pitfalls Similar to any new business
14	4. Commercial Investments Banks Canyon National Bank (Agua Caliente Band) Borrego Springs Bank (Viejas Band) Specialized programs Prescription program (Mashantucket Pequots) Information Technology (Mohegan Sun) Partnerships with industry to provide services and outside contracts Manufacturing Slot machines (Oneida)
15	4. Commercial Investments Section 8(a) opportunities Preference in government contracts General contractors Weeminuche Construction Authority (Ute Mountain Tribe) AZ, Mojave Construction
16	4. Commercial Investments Advantages Diversification Leverage political power Disadvantages Lack of in-house expertise Profitability is lower than tribal gaming Pitfalls Similar to any commercial investment
17	5. Institutional Investments Passive investments, garnering portion of proceeds Operate like any other institution Pension funds, insurance companies Financial and management resources already in place
18	5. Institutional Investments Take advantage of finance and banking relationships Long term horizon Build portfolios Fund education needs in the future
19	5. Institutional Investments Advantages Totally independent of existing operations Can obtain high quality outside support Disadvantages Long term, ties up capital Reduces funding available for immediate projects Pitfalls Investments fluctuate with the markets
20	What is the Future? Open-ended, unlimited opportunities No one plan fits all, dependent upon Location of the tribe Disposable funds Risk tolerance In-house expertise
21	What is the Future? Do not lose sight of Absolute need for diversification Gaming is finite, growth is limited May not keep pace with inflation To secure the future, you need to develop an economic development plan while the going is good.